川普將會晤伊朗戰爭調停方卡達，外界認為短期內難有終戰協議

作者：約姆娜・伊哈布（Yomna Ehab）和亞歷山大・康威爾（Alexander Cornwell）By Yomna Ehab and Alexander Cornwell

開羅／阿布達比，11月9日（路透社）—— 美國總統唐納・川普（Donald Trump）週一將會晤關鍵調停方卡達的總理。上週期中選舉後，終結伊朗戰爭的努力升溫，不過美國與波斯灣地區高階官員都對短期內達成協議的可能性表示懷疑。CAIRO/ABU DHABI, Nov 9 (Reuters) - US President Donald Trump will meet the prime minister of key mediator Qatar on Monday as efforts to end the Iran war ramp up following last week's midterm elections, though senior US and Gulf officials cast doubt on the chances of an imminent deal.

川普在2月28日與以色列一同發動這場衝突，至今已超過8個月。他淡化重大戰事很快重啟的可能性，但仍不願接受伊朗現有的停戰方案。More than eight months into the conflict he launched alongside Israel on February 28, Trump has played down the likelihood of major warfare restarting soon but remains unwilling to accept an existing Iranian truce plan.

雙方攻擊持續。伊朗國營媒體稱，美國夜間空襲伊朗格什姆島；伊朗本月則攻擊波斯灣與荷姆茲海峽的油輪，其葉門胡塞盟友也攻擊沙烏地阿拉伯。Mutual attacks continue, with the US striking Iran's Qeshm island overnight, according to Iranian state media, and Iran attacking tankers in the Gulf and Strait of Hormuz this month while its Yemeni Houthi allies have hit Saudi Arabia.

外交動向DIPLOMATIC MOVES

兼任卡達總理與外交部長的穆罕默德・本・阿布杜拉赫曼・阿勒薩尼（Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al-Thani）上週訪問德黑蘭後，將於週一稍晚在華府會晤川普和副總統JD・范斯（JD Vance）。Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al-Thani, who is both prime minister and foreign minister of Qatar, will meet Trump and Vice President JD Vance in Washington later on Monday after having visited Tehran last week.

伊朗提出的終戰方案包括：美國結束對伊朗港口的封鎖、解除部分制裁並停止轟炸；作為交換，德黑蘭停止封鎖荷姆茲海峽，隨後再就其核子計畫及其他制裁展開談判。Iran's proposal to end the war involves an end to the US blockade of its ports, the lifting of some sanctions and a halt to bombing in return for Tehran stopping its own blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, with talks on its nuclear programme and other sanctions to follow.

美國已多次拒絕該方案。伊朗曾表示，這項方案可壓縮至兩天時程；美國國務卿馬可・盧比歐（Marco Rubio）週日則形容德黑蘭的條件「離譜又荒謬，而且真的不切實際」。The US has repeatedly rejected that plan, which Iran has said could be condensed to a two-day timeframe, with Secretary of State Marco Rubio describing Tehran's conditions on Sunday as "outrageous and ridiculous and really not realistic".

伊朗外交部發言人伊斯梅爾・巴加埃（Esmaeil Baghaei）週一為該方案辯護，稱其為目前檯面上最合理的提案。Iran's Foreign Ministry spokesperson Esmaeil Baghaei defended the plan on Monday as the most reasonable offer on the table.

包括范斯在內的美國共和黨高層人士，將該黨上週選舉失利歸咎於伊朗戰爭。但儘管國內要求結束衝突的政治壓力升高，盧比歐表示，他不認為外交突破即將到來。Senior US Republicans including Vance have blamed their party's losses in last week's elections on the Iran war, but despite growing domestic political pressure to end the conflict, Rubio said he did not believe a diplomatic breakthrough was imminent.

阿拉伯聯合大公國高階官員安瓦爾・加爾加什（Anwar Gargash）週一也呼應這項看法，表示美國與伊朗之間要達成全面政治解決方案看來有難度。A senior United Arab Emirates official, Anwar Gargash, echoed that view on Monday, saying a comprehensive political settlement between the US and Iran appeared difficult.

他說：「我們應該……為一段漫長的不確定時期做好準備，在這段期間，無論是決定性的解決方案，或穩定的區域秩序，都不能被視為理所當然。」"We should… prepare for a long period of uncertainty in which neither a decisive resolution nor stable regional order can be taken for granted," he said.

范斯曾主導6月一項短暫停戰的談判，他也將會晤阿勒薩尼。阿勒薩尼所屬的卡達自戰爭初期以來就是主要調停方，負責在雙方之間傳遞訊息，並提出彌合歧見的方法。Vance, who led the negotiations for a short-lived truce in June, will also meet Al-Thani, whose country has been a prime mediator since early in the war, conveying messages between the sides and proposing ways to bridge their differences.

數月來，對這場戰爭的憂慮籠罩整個區域。土耳其總統塔伊普・艾爾段（Tayyip Erdogan）週一表示，他已告訴川普，安卡拉不希望看到新一波升級。Anxiety over the war has pervaded the region for months and Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan said on Monday he had told Trump that Ankara did not want to see a new escalation.

艾爾段告訴記者：「我們把握每一個機會強調，可以透過對話與外交解決這些問題。遺憾的是，我們再次看到負面轉變。我們正盡最大努力防止這種情況發生。」"We emphasise at every opportunity that it is possible to resolve these issues through dialogue and diplomacy. Unfortunately, we see a negative shift once again. We are doing our utmost to prevent this," Erdogan told reporters.

軍事行動MILITARY ACTION

一名省級官員週一告訴伊朗半官方法爾斯通訊社，週日晚間對格什姆島的空襲並未影響關鍵基礎設施或服務。美國尚未對伊朗媒體報導作出回應。Sunday night's strikes on Qeshm island did not impact vital infrastructure or services, a provincial official told Iran's semi-official Fars news agency on Monday. The US has not commented on the Iranian media reports.

一名伊朗高層消息人士告訴路透社，美國空襲的目標是同時服務於防空與船舶導航的伊朗雷達系統，以及飛彈發射器和布雷系統的基地。A senior Iranian source told Reuters that US strikes were targeting Iranian radar systems serving both air defence and ship navigation, as well as bases for missile launchers and mine-laying systems.

國際海事機構數據上週顯示，10月波斯灣與荷姆茲海峽油輪遇襲事件急遽增加，並持續維持在開戰以來最高水準。Attacks on tankers in the Gulf and Strait of Hormuz ramped up sharply in October and have continued at the highest rate since the start of the war, figures from international maritime agencies showed last week.

伊朗通常不承認攻擊通報遭投射物擊中的船隻，但伊朗週日表示，一艘油輪在荷姆茲海峽以東觸雷。Iran, which typically does not acknowledge striking vessels that report being hit by projectiles, said on Sunday a tanker had hit a mine east of the Strait of Hormuz.

一名國家電視台記者週一表示，過去10天已有11艘油輪「癱瘓」。A state television reporter said on Monday that 11 tankers had been "disabled" over the past 10 days.

這場戰爭引發全球能源短缺，促使伊朗攻擊波斯灣阿拉伯國家，並在春季與夏季外溢成以色列在黎巴嫩發動的大規模攻勢，也重新點燃葉門長期凍結的內戰。The war has triggered a global energy shortage, prompted Iranian strikes on Gulf Arab countries, spilled over into a major Israeli offensive in Lebanon during the spring and summer and reignited Yemen's long-frozen civil war.

週日，與伊朗結盟的葉門胡塞組織表示，已攻擊沙烏地國營石油公司沙烏地阿美（Aramco）位於利雅德的一棟辦公大樓。這起攻擊震碎了該市金融區一棟大樓數層樓的窗戶。能源部承認該大樓因一起未遂攻擊受損，但未指明責任歸屬。On Sunday Yemen's Iran-allied Houthi group said it had struck an office building of Saudi state oil company Aramco in Riyadh. The attack blew out windows across several floors of a building in the city's financial district. The Energy Ministry acknowledged damage from an attempted attack on the building without assigning responsibility.

（開羅約姆娜・伊哈布、阿布達比亞歷山大・康威爾報導；安格斯・麥道爾撰稿；蓋瑞斯・瓊斯編輯）(Reporting by Yomna Ehab in Cairo and Alexander Cornwell in Abu Dhabi; Writing by Angus McDowallEditing by Gareth Jones)