「不是普通執行長」：為何AI競賽不能沒有輝達黃仁勳

作者：Aditya SoniBy Aditya Soni

路透11月9日電——在台北與首爾街頭，輝達（Nvidia）執行長黃仁勳（Jensen Huang）的粉絲包圍他，要求在書籍、海報上簽名，有時甚至要他簽在身上。私下裡，就連億萬富豪賴瑞・艾利森（Larry Ellison）與伊隆・馬斯克（Elon Musk）也曾為了他炙手可熱的AI晶片而被迫「苦苦哀求」。Nov 9 (Reuters) - On the streets of Taipei and Seoul, fans of Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang mob him for autographs on books, posters and sometimes even on their bodies. In private, even billionaires Larry Ellison and Elon Musk were once reduced to "begging" for his coveted AI chips.

63歲的黃仁勳作為輝達晶片守門人所展現的明星魅力，凸顯AI產業多麼仰賴他提供用於訓練模型、並支撐ChatGPT等服務運作的圖形處理器（GPU）。The star power that 63-year-old Huang draws as the gatekeeper to Nvidia's chips shows how badly the AI industry is leaning on him for the graphics processing units that train models and run services such as ChatGPT.

但他不只是晶片供應商；近年來，輝達已把不斷膨脹的現金部位變成資金彈藥庫，投資對象從AI雲端運算供應商、供應鏈業者到最大型實驗室都有。But he is not just a chip supplier; instead Nvidia has in recent years turned its swelling cash pile into a war chest to fund companies ranging from AI cloud-computing providers and suppliers to the biggest labs.

分析師表示，這使黃仁勳可能成為AI產業的潛在風險；此前，在黃仁勳證實自己與一名被控向北京傳遞資訊的中國女商人有婚外情後，輝達正調查他是否遭外國情報機構鎖定。Analysts say that makes Huang a potential risk to the AI industry as Nvidia investigates whether he was targeted by foreign intelligence after Huang confirmed his affair with a Chinese businesswoman accused of passing information to Beijing.

伯恩斯坦（Bernstein）分析師史塔西・拉斯岡（Stacy Rasgon）表示：「週末這則新聞很難不被解讀為負面消息，因為它讓美國最重要企業之一的治理，以及美國AI發展軌跡的設計者，都成為辯論焦點。」"It is hard not to read the news over the weekend as negative given it brings the stewardship of one of America's most important companies and the architect of the US AI trajectory under debate," Stacy Rasgon, analyst at Bernstein, said.

「輝達不是一家普通公司，黃仁勳也不是一位普通執行長；他就是輝達，明確制定長期策略與方向，並親自掌控公司大部分關鍵事務。」"Nvidia is not an ordinary company and Jensen is not an ordinary CEO; he is Nvidia, clearly sets the long-term strategy and direction, and pulls most of the company's strings himself."

高調倡議AIVOCAL AI CHAMPION

黃仁勳的魅力之大，去年他在首爾與三星（Samsung）和現代（Hyundai）執行長隨興共度炸雞配啤酒之夜，就讓兩家南韓食品公司股價飆漲；而他背書邁威爾科技（Marvell Technology）將成為下一家「兆美元公司」，也推動這家客製化晶片製造商股價創下歷史新高。Such is Huang's spell that a casual night of fried chicken and beer in Seoul with the CEOs of Samsung and Hyundai last year sent the shares of two South Korean food companies soaring, while his endorsement of Marvell Technology as the next "trillion-dollar company" propelled the shares of the custom chipmaker to record highs.

作為反駁AI懷疑論者的主要力量，黃仁勳經常淡化泡沫疑慮，並挑戰Anthropic執行長達里歐・阿莫迪（Dario Amodei）對這項技術可能對人類構成生存威脅的末日警告。As a leading counterweight to AI skeptics, Huang has often dismissed fears of a bubble and challenged Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei's apocalyptic warning that the technology could pose an existential threat to humanity.

黃仁勳若遭遇任何挫折，都可能使AI產業失去最高調的倡議者之一；他經常主張，這項技術將改變從運算、製造到醫療保健與機器人等各個領域。Any setback for Huang could deprive the AI industry of one of its most vocal champions who has often argued that the technology would transform everything from computing and manufacturing to healthcare and robotics.

AI晶片分配總管與強勢老闆AI'S CHIP ALLOCATOR-IN-CHIEF AND A POWERFUL BOSS

黃仁勳的影響力不只在於替AI造勢。他掌握晶片供應，而這些晶片足以決定投入數百億美元的AI公司能以多快速度成長。Huang's influence goes beyond talking up AI. He holds sway over the supply of the chips that can determine how fast AI companies spending tens of billions of dollars can grow.

甲骨文（Oracle）共同創辦人艾利森在2024年9月證實了這一地位，當時他回憶起在帕洛阿爾托Nobu餐廳的一場晚餐。That status was validated by Oracle co-founder Ellison in September 2024 when he recounted a dinner at Nobu in Palo Alto.

艾利森告訴分析師：「我會把那場晚餐形容為，我和伊隆在向黃仁勳懇求GPU。請收下我們的錢……我們需要你收下我們更多的錢。」"I would describe the dinner as me and Elon begging Jensen for GPUs," Ellison told analysts. "Please take our money … We need you to take more of our money."

黃仁勳牢牢掌控輝達。他以一種異常扁平的架構經營公司，數十名主管直接向他回報。Huang has a firm grip on Nvidia, which he runs through an unusually flat structure, with dozens of executives reporting directly to him.

不過，作為輝達第五大股東、持股約3.6%的他，並沒有特別表決權股票，讓他像Meta Platforms的馬克・祖克柏（Mark Zuckerberg）與SpaceX的馬斯克等創辦人一樣，擁有對公司的多數控制權。However, as its fifth-largest shareholder with a roughly 3.6% stake, he does not have special voting shares that give founders such as Meta Platforms' Mark Zuckerberg and SpaceX's Elon Musk majority control of their companies.

黃仁勳今年3月在《Lex Fridman Podcast》上表示：「很多公司的組織圖看起來都一樣。而這對我來說毫無道理。公司的架構應該反映它所處的環境。」"A lot of companies' organization charts, they all look the same. And it doesn't make any sense to me. The architecture of the company should reflect the environment in which it exists," Huang said on the Lex Fridman Podcast in March.

他表示，有60多名主管向他回報，幾乎全都是工程職務，包括記憶體晶片、網路、圖形處理器與中央處理器方面的專家。He said more than 60 executives report to him, nearly all in engineering roles, including experts in memory chips, networking and graphics and central processors.

黃仁勳的家人也融入輝達。他的女婿尼可・卡普雷茲（Nico Caprez）擔任全球AI基礎設施成長副總裁，負責與新興雲端服務商及資料中心營運商的關係。Huang's family is also woven into Nvidia, with son-in-law Nico Caprez overseeing ties with neoclouds and data-center operators as vice president of global AI infrastructure growth.

黃仁勳的女兒麥迪遜（Madison）是資深總監，負責輝達實體AI產品的行銷，並經常陪同他出差；他的兒子史賓塞（Spencer）則在機器人部門工作。Huang's daughter Madison is a senior director overseeing marketing for Nvidia's physical AI products and often accompanies him on business trips, while his son Spencer works in the robotics division.

沒有立即接班人NO IMMEDIATE SUCCESSOR

分析師表示，自1993年共同創辦這家晶片設計公司以來一直執掌輝達的黃仁勳，沒有明確接班人。輝達週末表示，黃仁勳獲得董事會支持，但公司尚未揭露接班計畫。Analysts have said Huang, who has run Nvidia since co-founding the chip designer in 1993, has no clear successor. The company, which said over the weekend Huang has the board's backing, has not disclosed a succession plan.

約克維爾艾夫斯公司（Yorkville Ives & Co.）合夥人暨資深董事總經理、長期看好科技股的丹・艾夫斯（Dan Ives）表示：「黃仁勳無可取代……管理團隊的人才梯隊中，沒有其他人能無縫接任執行長。」"Jensen is not replaceable… there is no other person on the management team bench that can step in seamlessly as CEO," said long-time technology bull Dan Ives, partner and senior managing director at Yorkville Ives & Co.

除黃仁勳外，輝達在其領導團隊頁面列出4名主管。最知名的是財務長柯蕾特・克雷斯（Colette Kress），她經常代表公司出席投資人會議。Besides Huang, Nvidia lists four executives on its leadership page. The best known is finance chief Colette Kress, who often represents the company at investor conferences.

其他人包括全球外勤業務執行副總裁尼克・帕克（Nick Parker）、營運執行副總裁黛博拉・蕭奎斯特（Debora Shoquist），以及執行副總裁、總法律顧問兼秘書提姆・蒂特（Tim Teter）。The others are executive vice president of worldwide field operations Nick Parker, executive vice president of operations Debora Shoquist and Tim Teter, executive vice president, general counsel and secretary.

（Aditya Soni班加羅爾報導；Arun Koyyur編輯）(Reporting by Aditya Soni in Bengaluru; Editing by Arun Koyyur)