南非ANC地方選舉重挫，艱難聯合談判即將登場

作者：Nellie Peyton、Sfundo Parakozov、Nilutpal TimsinaBy Nellie Peyton, Sfundo Parakozov and Nilutpal Timsina

約翰尼斯堡，11月8日（路透社）—— 週日公布的結果顯示，南非非洲民族議會（African National Congress, ANC）在上週地方選舉中遭受沉重打擊，削弱了該黨接下來為籌組市政府而進行聯合談判的籌碼。JOHANNESBURG, Nov 8 (Reuters) - South Africa's African National Congress (ANC) was dealt a stinging blow in last week's municipal elections, results showed on Sunday, weakening its hand in coalition talks that will follow to form city governments.

非洲民族議會最終拿下30.76%的選票，主要對手民主聯盟（Democratic Alliance, DA）則為24.64%。The ANC ended up with 30.76% of the vote against 24.64% for its main rival, the Democratic Alliance (DA).

前總統雅各布・祖瑪（Jacob Zuma）所屬的民族之矛黨（uMkhonto weSizwe）獲得9.76%選票，排名第三，其餘選票則由數百個較小政黨瓜分。Former President Jacob Zuma's party uMkhonto weSizwe had 9.76% of votes, putting it in third place, while the rest was split between hundreds of smaller parties.

這一結果代表非洲民族議會再度遭遇沉痛挫敗。過去15年來，該黨在地方選舉中的得票率持續下滑，主要原因是供水、供電等基本服務表現不佳。這個前解放運動組織在2021年上次地方選舉中獲得45.59%選票。The outcome marks a further painful setback for the ANC, which has seen its vote share fall steadily in local elections over the last 15 years due largely to failures in basic services such as water and electricity. The former liberation movement got 45.59% of votes in the last municipal elections in 2021.

由於包括南非商業中心約翰尼斯堡在內的許多城市，沒有任何政黨得票率超過50%，非洲民族議會與民主聯盟將不得不攜手合作，或與較小政黨協商，以籌組多數市政府。Since no party won more than 50% of votes in many cities including South Africa's commercial hub Johannesburg, the ANC and DA will have to team up, or hash it out with smaller parties to form majority municipal governments.

需要組成聯合政府的自治市數量比2021年增加一倍以上，反映南非選民版圖趨於分裂。The number of municipalities where coalitions will be needed more than doubled from 2021, reflecting a fragmentation of South Africa's electorate.

非洲民族議會官員稱結果「災難性」ANC OFFICIAL CALLS RESULTS 'CATASTROPHIC'

結果公布後，總統西里爾・拉瑪佛沙（Cyril Ramaphosa）發表簡短談話表示，他為南非民主的多黨性質感到自豪。In brief remarks after the results announcement, President Cyril Ramaphosa said he was proud of the multi-party nature of South Africa's democracy.

他說：「我們慶祝我國民主制度歷久不衰的力量，以及南非人民選擇其代表的主權權利。」"We celebrate the enduring strength of our democracy and the sovereign right of the people of South Africa to choose their representatives," he said.

非洲民族議會秘書長菲基勒・姆巴盧拉（Fikile Mbalula）形容，對這個曾由納爾遜・曼德拉（Nelson Mandela）領導、過去占主導地位的政黨而言，這項結果「災難性」，但他表示，該黨在聯合談判即將展開時，不會低聲下氣乞求職位。ANC Secretary-General Fikile Mbalula called the result "catastrophic" for the once-dominant party of Nelson Mandela but said the party would not go begging for positions when coalition talks begin soon.

姆巴盧拉週六表示：「當人民告訴我們，我們沒有達到期待……誠實的答案不是與他們爭辯，而是回家整頓好自己。」"When the people tell us we have fallen short… the honest answer is not to argue with them but to go home and put our house in order," Mbalula said on Saturday.

各政黨在市議會成立前將有14天時間進行協商。Parties will have 14 days to negotiate before city councils are formed.

拉瑪佛沙表示，各政黨應以謙卑態度面對談判。Ramaphosa said political parties should approach the negotiations with humility.

他說：「我們人民的利益，不應被政黨或代表們為了清算政治恩怨或瑣碎爭端的追求所淹沒。」"Our people's interest must not be drowned by the quest of political parties or representatives to settle political scores or petty squabbles," he said.

在約翰尼斯堡，親商的民主聯盟獲得約35%選票，非洲民族議會則為20%。In Johannesburg the pro-business DA got about 35% of votes, compared to 20% for the ANC.

這可能讓民主聯盟老將海倫・齊勒（Helen Zille）有相當好的機會出任市長，端視達成的聯合協議而定。齊勒競選時主打修補坑洞與漏水管線。That could give DA veteran Helen Zille, who had campaigned on fixing potholes and leaking water pipes, a good chance of becoming mayor, depending on the coalition agreements reached.

分析人士表示，對約翰尼斯堡等城市的穩定而言，最佳選項將是非洲民族議會與民主聯盟合作，仿效兩黨過去兩年在中央政府的安排。Analysts have said the best option for stability in cities like Johannesburg would be for the ANC to partner with the DA, mirroring the arrangement they have had in national government for the past two years.

但兩黨在種族補償等關鍵議題上意識形態相左。But the two are ideologically opposed on key issues such as racial redress.

在約翰尼斯堡以16%得票率排名第三的ActionSA，其黨魁赫曼・馬沙巴（Herman Mashaba）週日告訴路透社，若齊勒是民主聯盟的市長候選人，ActionSA將不會支持民主聯盟。ActionSA, which came third in Johannesburg with 16% of the vote, will not support the DA with Zille as its mayoral candidate, the party's leader Herman Mashaba told Reuters on Sunday.

（Nellie Peyton、Sfundo Parakozov、Nilutpal Timsina採訪報導；Helen Popper、Alexander Winning編輯）(Reporting by Nellie Peyton, Sfundo Parakozov and Nilutpal Timsina;Editing by Helen Popper and Alexander Winning)