教宗良告訴阿根廷川普盟友米雷伊：領導人必須知道權力界線

約書亞・麥克艾爾威（Joshua McElwee）與蕾拉・米勒（Leila Miller）報導By Joshua McElwee and Leila Miller

布宜諾斯艾利斯，11月8日（路透社）——天主教領袖教宗良週日在展開12天南美訪問第二站期間，對美國總統唐納・川普親密盟友、阿根廷總統哈維爾・米雷伊發表一場備受關注的演說，敦促阿根廷捍衛自身民主。BUENOS AIRES, Nov 8 (Reuters) - Pope Leo on Sunday urged Argentina to safeguard its democracy in a closely watched speech to President Javier Milei, a close ally of US President Donald Trump, during the second stop of a 12-day South American tour by the Catholic leader.

米雷伊曾表示明年將尋求連任。教宗良告訴他，領導人必須致力改善全體公民的生活，並知道自身權力的界線。米雷伊的撙節議程遭教會批評，認為其對最貧困者衝擊最大，而這位總統也大力支持伊朗戰爭。Leo told Milei, who has said he will seek reelection next year, that leaders must seek to better the lives of all their citizens and know the limits of their power. Milei's austerity agenda has been criticized by the Church for hitting the poorest most, and the president has strongly supported the Iran war.

教宗在展開對阿根廷3天訪問的致詞中說：「權威在作為服務來行使時，最能展現其真實性。」這是自1987年以來，教宗首次訪問這個天主教徒占多數的國家。"Authority is most authentic when it is exercised as service," the pope said in an address opening a three-day visit to Argentina, the first by a pope to the majority-Catholic country since 1987.

教宗良說：「行使權威者有責任以審慎行事，承認託付給他們的權力有其界線，並讓自己的決策指向整個共同體的福祉。」這番話讓聚集在自由宮文化中心、座無虛席的聽眾爆出熱烈掌聲，教宗不得不重複一次。"Those who exercise authority have a duty to act with prudence, to acknowledge the limits of the power entrusted to them, and to direct their decisions toward the good of the entire community," said Leo, who had to repeat himself after drawing loud applause for those words from a packed audience that gathered at the Palacio Libertad cultural center.

教宗良是首位出生於美國的教宗，今年稍早譴責伊朗戰爭後引發川普不滿。Leo is the first US-born pope and drew Trump's ire earlier this year after denouncing the Iran war.

這位教宗上週作出天主教領袖前所未有的選擇，在美國期中選舉中以郵寄方式投票。他也說，民主需要人們學會即使意見不同仍共同生活，並對法治有信心。The pope, who made a historic choice for a Catholic leader to cast a ballot by mail in the US midterm elections last week, also said democracy requires that people learn to live together despite differences of opinion and have confidence in the rule of law.

教宗良說：「民主……是阿根廷遺產的一部分，需要受到守護。」他並補充說，民主會透過「耐心尋求共識，以及有能力把想法不同的人視為同胞公民、視為與我們共享共同未來的人」而更加鞏固。"Democracy… is a part of Argentina's heritage that needs to be safeguarded," said Leo, adding that it is strengthened by "the patient search for agreement, and through the ability to see those who think differently as fellow citizens with whom we share a common future."

米雷伊在歡迎教宗良來到阿根廷的致詞中，則為自己的自由意志主義政策辯護，表示生命、自由與財產權是阿根廷憲法和西方民主制度的支柱。In his own address welcoming Leo to Argentina, Milei defended his libertarian policies, saying that the rights to life, liberty and property are the backbone of Argentina's constitution and of Western democracies.

40年來首次教宗訪問FIRST PAPAL VISIT IN 40 YEARS

71歲的教宗良在接受肺癌手術不到1個月後，展開數十年來天主教領袖最緊湊的海外行程之一。教宗週日以堅定、清晰的聲音發表25分鐘談話，並將在週三前走訪阿根廷4座城市。Leo, 71, is making one of the most intense foreign trips by a Catholic leader in decades, less than a month after undergoing lung cancer surgery. The pope, who spoke for 25 minutes in his address on Sunday in a firm, clear voice, will tour four cities in Argentina through Wednesday.

教宗週日抵達布宜諾斯艾利斯豪爾赫・紐伯里機場後，沿途前往布宜諾斯艾利斯市中心的路線擠滿人群，他們揮舞小型梵蒂岡和阿根廷國旗，身穿褐色會衣的天主教修女則高喊：「教宗來了，你可以感受到。」After the pope's arrival at Buenos Aires' Jorge Newbery airport on Sunday, crowds thronged his route to downtown Buenos Aires, waving small Vatican and Argentine flags, while Catholic nuns in tan-colored religious habits chanted: "The pope is here, you can feel it."

從北部薩爾塔省前來的克勞迪亞・索納說：「教宗已經將近40年沒有來阿根廷，確切來說是39年。對天主教徒而言，我認為對非天主教徒也是，這是一次重生。」"It's been almost 40 years, 39 exactly, that the pope hasn't come to Argentina," said Claudia Sona, who traveled from the northern province of Salta. "For Catholics, and I think for non-Catholics, this is a rebirth."

米雷伊以戲劇化形象、誇張言論和凌亂髮型聞名。他在2023年勝選掌權，競選時以電鋸作為象徵，代表他承諾大幅削減國家支出，以支撐阿根廷財政。Milei, a theatrical figure known for bombastic statements and an unkempt haircut, swept to power in 2023 campaigning with a chainsaw as a symbol of the deep cuts to state spending he pledged to make to shore up the country's finances.

他被指控以分裂性言論和攻擊媒體，破壞阿根廷民主。He has been accused of undermining democracy in Argentina with divisive rhetoric and attacks on the press.

這位總統為其推動撙節辯護，稱那是控制通膨的唯一方法。在他的經濟方針下，年通膨率已從超過200%降至33%。The president has defended his austerity push as the only way to bring inflation under control. Under his economic campaign, annual inflation has fallen from over 200% to 33%.

但民調顯示，隨著阿根廷人面對補貼削減、公部門裁員，以及與家庭預算受壓縮相關的企業倒閉，米雷伊在明年選舉前的人氣已下滑。But surveys show his popularity has slipped ahead of elections next year as Argentines contend with subsidy cuts, public-sector layoffs and business closures linked to squeezed household budgets.

刺激措施不應針對窮人STIMULUS SHOULD NOT TARGET POOR

米雷伊的削減措施也減少了身障福利等社會服務；雖然貧困率在米雷伊上任第一年達到高峰後已大幅下降，但貧困仍是一項挑戰。Milei's cuts have also reduced social services, such as disability benefits, and poverty remains a challenge despite dropping significantly after peaking during the president's first year in office.

儘管教宗良在談話中未具體提及米雷伊的撙節議程，但他敦促阿根廷在推動經濟刺激時，不要把最貧困者作為目標。While Leo did not specifically refer to Milei's austerity agenda in his address, he urged that Argentina's efforts at economic stimulus not target the poorest.

他說：「應努力促進一切能創造機會、激發民間倡議，並確保經濟成長也讓弱勢者受益的事物。」這是又一句引來熱烈掌聲的話。"Efforts should be made to promote whatever creates opportunities, stimulates private initiative and ensures that economic growth also benefits those who are disadvantaged," he said, in another of several lines that drew strong applause.

教宗曾警告，人工智慧可能把世界帶向無止境戰爭的道路。他在阿根廷再度談及此議題，強調科技進步必須與「倫理意識」相互匹配；這番話觸及米雷伊的另一項優先事項。The pope, who has warned that artificial intelligence could lead the world down a path of unending war, returned to the issue in Argentina, stressing that technological progress must be matched by "ethical consciousness" in remarks that touched on another of Milei's priorities.

米雷伊一直倡議發展人工智慧，並表示希望阿根廷成為資料中心的重要目的地。Milei has championed AI development and said he wants Argentina to become a major destination for data centers.

教宗良這趟雄心勃勃的行程將持續到11月17日，走訪3國、出席50場活動。他先訪問烏拉圭，再抵達阿根廷，並將於週三繼續前往秘魯。Leo is on an ambitious 50-event, three-country tour through November 17. He first visited Uruguay before arriving in Argentina and will carry on to Peru on Wednesday.

這位教宗每次出訪都會對各國政府發表談話，通常使用謹慎、外交性的語言；但他近來在世界舞台上成為更強而有力的聲音，譴責全球領導方向。The pope, who addresses national governments on each of his foreign visits, usually speaks in careful, diplomatic language but has emerged as a more forceful voice on the world stage recently, decrying the direction of global leadership.

在教宗抵達阿根廷前，分析人士表示，當地政治人物將仔細解讀他對米雷伊的談話。Ahead of his arrival in Argentina, analysts said his remarks to Milei would be closely parsed by local politicians.

顧問公司特尼歐董事總經理尼可拉斯・華森說：「教宗良的任何表態，尤其是關於貧困、市場界線或對抗性政治言論的內容，都可能被解讀為對米雷伊的含蓄批評，並放大既有的反政府路線聲浪。」"Any interventions by Leo, particularly on poverty, the limits of markets or confrontational political rhetoric, could be read as implicit criticism of Milei and amplify existing opposition to the government's approach," said Nicolas Watson, a managing director at advisory firm Teneo.

阿根廷Conicet研究機構社會學家福圖納托・馬利馬奇表示，教宗良訪問阿根廷，將在那些自覺被米雷伊經濟方案排除在外的人之間，創造出團結感與能量。Fortunato Mallimaci, a sociologist at Argentina's Conicet research agency, said Leo's visit to Argentina will create a sense of unity and energy among those who feel excluded by Milei's economic program.

教宗良就任18個月來，敦促世界領袖更人道地對待移民，並呼籲採取行動因應氣候變遷；這些訴求使他與川普及其他右翼領袖立場相左。Over his 18-month papacy, Leo has urged world leaders to treat immigrants more humanely and called for action to address climate change, appeals that have put him at odds with Trump and other right-wing leaders.

預料在阿根廷吸引數百萬人EXPECTED TO DRAW MILLIONS IN ARGENTINA

梵蒂岡形容教宗良此行是他的「返鄉」之旅；他曾在秘魯擔任傳教士數十年，並成為秘魯公民。這趟行程預料將吸引大批人潮，阿根廷官員估計約有700萬人會在國內見到教宗。The Vatican has described Leo's tour as a "homecoming" for the pope, who served for decades as a missionary in Peru and became a Peruvian citizen. The tour is expected to draw large crowds, with Argentine officials estimating some 7 million will see the pope in their country.

教宗在阿根廷的行程包括訪問身障者照護中心和監獄，凸顯他著重關注經常被邊緣化的群體。The pope's itinerary in Argentina includes visits to a care center for people with disabilities and a prison, underscoring his focus on highlighting groups that are often marginalized.

米雷伊過去以連番辱罵教宗良的前任、阿根廷籍的方濟各而聞名；方濟各在12年教宗任內從未返鄉。儘管米雷伊曾稱方濟各是「蠢貨」，他最後仍試圖修補關係，並前往梵蒂岡拜會方濟各。Milei was known for piling insults on Leo's predecessor, Francis, an Argentine who never came home during his 12-year papacy. Despite calling Francis "an imbecile," Milei eventually sought to repair relations and visited Francis at the Vatican.

米雷伊在週日演說中讚揚方濟各，措辭之正面若放在過去會令人震驚。他稱這位於2025年4月去世的已故教宗是一位鼓舞人心且慷慨的人物，並說他「毫無疑問是史上最重要的阿根廷人」。In his speech on Sunday, Milei praised Francis in terms that would have been shocking to hear from the president in the past, calling the late pope, who died in April 2025, an inspiring and generous figure who was "without a doubt the most important Argentine in history."

（約書亞・麥克艾爾威與蕾拉・米勒報導，露西拉・席格、露辛達・艾略特、坎德拉莉亞・格林伯格、卡米洛・科埃查與史蒂芬妮・艾申巴赫補充報導；阿利斯泰爾・貝爾、海倫・波普與比爾・伯克羅特編輯）(Reporting by Joshua McElwee and Leila Miller, with additional reporting by Lucila Sigal, Lucinda Elliott, Candelaria Grimberg, Camilo Cohecha and Stefanie Eschenbacher; Editing by Alistair Bell, Helen Popper and Bill Berkrot)