獨家：消息人士稱，SK海力士紐約晶片計畫因美國對中限制受阻

作者：Karen FreifeldBy Karen Freifeld

11月3日（路透社）——據知情人士表示，美國官員已暫緩批准 SK海力士（SK Hynix）在中國擴產所需的美國晶片製造設備，使這家南韓晶片製造商在紐約州興建新記憶體晶片廠的計畫變得複雜。Nov 3 (Reuters) - US officials have held up approval for American chipmaking equipment needed by SK Hynix to expand production in China, complicating the South Korean chipmaker's plans for new memory-chip plants in New York, according to people familiar with the matter.

SK海力士正尋求美國出口許可，以便為其大連廠添購設備；該公司主張，當地產量增加將有助於支應其在美國擴張的計畫。但知情人士說，商務部尚未核准新的許可。SK Hynix is seeking US export licenses to equip its Dalian plant, arguing that increased production there would help fund its planned US expansion. But the Commerce Department has yet to approve the new licenses, the people said.

兩名知情人士表示，旗下 Solidigm 部門計畫投資約450億美元，在紐約州馬西（Marcy）興建兩座 NAND 廠，投資規模隨時間推移可能達到約1000億美元。NAND 是一種即使關閉電源仍能保留資料的記憶體，用於資料中心的儲存。Its Solidigm unit plans to invest about $45 billion and build two NAND plants in Marcy, New York, two people said, with investment potentially reaching about $100 billion over time. NAND is memory that retains data even when power is turned off and is used for storage in data centers.

川普政府面臨政策兩難TRUMP ADMINISTRATION FACES POLICY DILEMMA

這些談判引發外界質疑，川普政府為了吸引外國投資並讓晶片製造回到美國本土，願意在多大程度上放寬為防止美國技術協助中國軍方而設立的國安防線。The negotiations raise questions about how far the Trump administration is willing to bend national security guardrails established to keep US technology from aiding China's military, in order to bring foreign investment and chipmaking onshore.

美國國會設立的跨黨派小組「美中經濟與安全審查委員會」（US-China Economic and Security Review Commission）成員利蘭・米勒（Leland Miller）表示：「最終，如果沒有白宮開綠燈，這一切都不會推進。」白宮未立即回應採訪請求。"Ultimately, none of this is going to go forward without a green light from the White House," said Leland Miller, a member of the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission, a bipartisan panel created by the US Congress. The White House did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

知情人士表示，談判仍在持續，批准大連擴產是 SK海力士紐約計畫的核心。Negotiations are continuing, the people said, with approval for the Dalian expansion central to SK Hynix's plans in New York.

與商務部會議轉趨密集COMMERCE DEPARTMENT MEETINGS INTENSIFY

其中一名知情人士表示，自8月底以來，SK海力士美國子公司 Solidigm 的高階主管已與商務部官員會面近10次。知情人士表示，該公司需要在中國提高產量並發展更精密的 NAND 晶片製造，以創造收入興建美國廠房，並維持競爭力。Executives from SK Hynix's US subsidiary, Solidigm, have met nearly 10 times with officials from the Commerce Department since late August, one of the people said. The company needs to ramp up production and develop more sophisticated NAND chipmaking in China to generate revenue to build a US facility and to stay competitive, the people said.

該人士表示，在上週一場會議中，商務部次長傑佛瑞・凱斯勒（Jeffrey Kessler）堅持其立場，亦即美國不希望允許更多美國晶片製造工具進入中國，用於升級或擴充產能；不過，商務部尚未正式拒絕核發出口美國設備、用來填滿大連閒置無塵室空間的許可。該人士說，雙方也在就2027年另一項許可進行談判，該許可涉及維持大連廠運作所需的設備。In a meeting last week, Commerce Under Secretary Jeffrey Kessler held to his position that the US did not want to allow more American chipmaking tools to China to upgrade or expand capacity, the person said, though the department has not formally denied a license to export American equipment to fill empty clean space in Dalian. The two sides are also negotiating a separate license for 2027 for equipment to keep up the Dalian facility, the person said.

其中一名知情人士表示，在8月底的會議中，Solidigm 共同執行長理查・秦（Richard Chin）及其他高階主管與商務部長霍華・盧特尼克（Howard Lutnick）和凱斯勒會面。該人士說，政府官員似乎對這項可能的投資，以及在美國興建 NAND 廠感到振奮，並急於找出解決方案。At the late August meeting, Solidigm co-CEO Richard Chin and other executives met with Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick and Kessler, one of the people said. The administration officials appeared excited about the possible investment and NAND facility in the United States and eager to work things out, the person said.

該人士表示，自那以後，隨著公司與商務部合作調整申請內容，該公司已起草多個版本的許可申請。Since then, the company has drafted multiple versions of license applications, as the company refines the requests in collaboration with the department, the person said.

商務部發言人未立即回應採訪請求。A spokesperson for the Department of Commerce did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Solidigm 上週在聲明中表示：「作為一家在美國創立且總部設於美國的公司，Solidigm 定期評估策略替代方案，以最好地服務客戶並提升其長期競爭力。該公司目前正在探索於全球潛在地點興建 NAND 記憶體晶圓廠的選項。尚未就任何具體行動方案作出決定。」總部位於加州蘭喬科爾多瓦（Rancho Cordova）的 Solidigm 維持上週聲明。SK海力士在營業時間外未立即回應採訪請求。In a statement last week, Solidigm said: "As a US-founded and headquartered company, Solidigm regularly evaluates strategic alternatives to best serve its customers and enhance its long-term competitiveness. The company is currently exploring options for building a NAND memory fab at potential locations around the world. No decision regarding any specific course of action has been made." Rancho Cordova, California-based Solidigm stuck to its statement from last week. SK Hynix did not immediately respond to a request for comment outside business hours.

紐約州官員仍抱希望NEW YORK OFFICIALS REMAIN HOPEFUL

熟悉此事的人士表示，公司代表也已與美國財政部官員會面；若 SK海力士要為中國購買工具，財政部必須豁免對外投資限制。其中一名知情人士說，財政部的回應是將觀望商務部如何處理。Company representatives also have met with officials at the US Treasury Department, which would have to waive outbound investment restrictions for SK Hynix to purchase tools for China, the people familiar with the matter said. Treasury's response was that it would wait and see what the Commerce Department does, one of the people said.

財政部未立即回應採訪請求。The Treasury Department did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

擬議設施所在地、紐約州奧奈達郡（Oneida County）郡長安東尼・皮森特（Anthony Picente）表示：「希望接下來幾週內會有答案。」他並補充說，一項聯邦投資稅額抵減將在年底到期。"Hopefully we'll have an answer in the next couple of weeks," said Anthony Picente, county executive for New York's Oneida County, where the proposed facility would be located, adding that a federal investment tax credit expires at the end of the year.

SK海力士在10月23日聲明中表示，Solidigm 曾研究首次公開發行（IPO），以協助資助在美國的生產設施並滿足不斷成長的記憶體需求，但鑑於近期市場狀況和股價趨勢，已停止檢視 IPO 選項。聲明稱：「擴大 Solidigm 產能並強化其競爭力，仍是重要優先事項。」Solidigm explored an initial public offering to help finance production facilities in the US and meet growing memory demand, but halted its review of the IPO options in light of recent market conditions and share price trends, SK Hynix said in an October 23 statement. "Expanding Solidigm's production capacity and strengthening its competitiveness remain important priorities," the statement said.

SK海力士在2020年同意以90億美元收購英特爾（Intel）位於中國大連的 NAND 工廠，並在美國對其認定為中國先進晶片工廠的美國晶片製造設備實施全面出口管制前不久，接管該設施及固態硬碟儲存業務。SK Hynix agreed to acquire Intel's NAND factory in Dalian, China, for $9 billion in 2020, and took control of the facility and solid-state drive storage business shortly before the US instituted sweeping export controls on American chipmaking equipment to what it deemed advanced chip factories in China.

起初，美國豁免對中國境內外資晶片製造設施的限制。但去年，商務部撤銷中國境內外國晶片製造商取得美國設備的授權，稱這些授權是「拜登時代的漏洞」，並以年度許可取代；年度許可允許供應商在數量限制下，向這些設施出貨特定設備和技術。商務部在2025年8月一份聲明中表示，不打算核發用於升級中國晶圓廠技術或擴充產能的許可。At first, the US waived the restrictions on foreign-owned chipmaking facilities in China. But last year, the Commerce Department revoked authorizations for foreign chipmakers in China to receive US equipment, deeming them a "Biden-era loophole," and replacing the authorizations with annual licenses that allow suppliers to ship certain equipment and technology to the facilities with quantity limits. In an August 2025 statement, the Commerce Department said it did not intend to issue licenses to upgrade technology or expand capacity at fabs in China.

SK海力士曾表示，在大連安裝設備以填滿閒置空間並不會擴充產能，因為該公司是在2023年建成這座無塵室。路透社上月報導，該公司也尋求在大連生產更精密的 NAND 產品。SK Hynix has said that installing equipment to fill empty space in Dalian would not expand capacity because it built the cleanroom in 2023. It is also looking to produce more sophisticated NAND products at Dalian, Reuters reported last month.

（Karen Freifeld 紐約報導；Chris Sanders 和 Matthew Lewis 編輯）(Reporting by Karen Freifeld in New York; Editing by Chris Sanders and Matthew Lewis)