南韓因酷澎濫用餐飲外送市場主導地位開罰2.2億美元

Kyu-seok Shim 報導By Kyu-seok Shim

首爾11月9日（路透社）——南韓反壟斷監管機關週一表示，將對電商業者酷澎處以3009億韓元（2億2059萬美元）罰鍰，理由是該公司濫用其在餐飲外送市場的主導地位。SEOUL, Nov 9 (Reuters) - South Korea's antitrust regulator said on Monday it was imposing a 300.9 billion won ($220.59 million) fine on e-commerce firm Coupang for abusing its dominant position in the food delivery market.

韓國公平交易委員會（Korea Fair Trade Commission，FTC）表示，酷澎要求商家比照競爭平台提供的優惠條件，並懲罰未遵守要求的商家，限制外送應用程式領域的競爭。The Korea Fair Trade Commission (FTC) said Coupang required merchants to match favourable terms offered on rival platforms and penalised those that failed to comply, restricting competition in the delivery app sector.

FTC表示，酷澎要求餐廳比照6項條件，包括菜單價格、最低訂購金額、折扣及外送費。Coupang required restaurants to match six conditions, including menu prices, minimum order amounts, discounts and delivery charges, the FTC said.

FTC表示，未遵守要求的餐廳，可能失去一項特殊標示；該標示讓餐廳得以向酷澎付費會員客戶提供折扣與免運外送。Restaurants that failed to comply risked losing a special designation that allowed them to offer discounts and free delivery to Coupang's paid-membership customers, it said.

監管機關表示，符合相關要求的餐廳比例，已從2023年7月約13%，升至2025年10月近94%。The regulator said the proportion of restaurants meeting the requirements rose to nearly 94% in October 2025 from about 13% in July 2023.

FTC也因類似做法，對競爭外送應用程式 Baemin 的營運商優雅兄弟（Woowa Brothers）處以3311億韓元罰鍰。The FTC also fined Woowa Brothers, the operator of rival delivery app Baemin, 331.1 billion won for similar practices.

優雅兄弟在聲明中表示，該公司已向FTC說明其行為並不違法，並對其主張未獲完全接受感到遺憾；該公司並表示將仔細審視這項決定。Woowa Brothers said in a statement it had explained to the FTC that its conduct was not unlawful and regretted that its arguments had not been fully accepted, adding it would closely review the decision.

酷澎在聲明中表示，這項處分過重，且罰鍰金額是在2020年一起涉及另一個餐飲外送應用程式、性質可比案件中所處罰鍰的600多倍。Coupang said in a statement the penalty was excessive and more than 600 times the fine imposed in a comparable 2020 case involving another food delivery app.

酷澎表示，FTC在計算罰鍰時納入與所指行為無關的營收，損害其防禦權，該公司將透過法律程序挑戰這項決定。It said the FTC had included revenue unrelated to the alleged conduct when calculating the fine, undermining its right of defence, and that it would challenge the decision through legal proceedings.

這項裁定使在美國上市的酷澎與南韓主管機關之間的緊張關係升高；南韓主管機關6月曾因2025年一起影響逾3300萬名客戶的資料外洩事件，對該公司處以6240億韓元罰鍰。The ruling adds to tensions between US-listed Coupang and South Korean authorities, which fined the company 624 billion won in June over a 2025 data breach affecting more than 33 million customers.

酷澎對政府在該案中的調查結果與處理方式提出異議；同時，美國共和黨籍國會議員指控首爾歧視一家美國公司，南韓官員則駁斥這項說法。Coupang has disputed the government's findings and handling of that case, while Republican US lawmakers have accused Seoul of discriminating against an American company, a claim South Korean officials reject.

酷澎一直在華府維持大規模遊說與政治運作，並向兩黨政治人物捐款。Coupang has maintained an extensive lobbying and political operation in Washington, contributing to figures on both sides of the political aisle.

美國聯邦選舉委員會（US Federal Election Commission）紀錄顯示，酷澎的政治行動委員會 COUPAC 從2025年初至2026年9月，向國會候選人及政治委員會捐出約37萬9000美元。US Federal Election Commission records show that its political action committee, COUPAC, gave about $379,000 to congressional candidates and political committees from the start of 2025 through September 2026.

近期紀錄顯示，在民主黨於期中選舉表現強勁之前，COUPAC 似乎愈來愈重視培養與民主黨的關係，儘管 COUPAC 仍持續支持共和黨人。Recent records suggest a growing emphasis on cultivating Democratic ties ahead of the party's strong performance in the midterm elections, although COUPAC continued to support Republicans.

（1美元＝1363.6400韓元）($1 = 1,363.6400 won)

（Kyu-seok Shim 報導；Ed Davies 編輯）(Reporting by Kyu-seok ShimEditing by Ed Davies)