法國總統參選人梅蘭雄承諾刺激經濟，重申退出北約主張

記者佩特拉・維許戈爾By Petra Wischgoll

法國勒布爾熱11月7日（路透社）——尚-呂克・梅蘭雄週六在巴黎北郊勒布爾熱一場造勢大會公布其2027年總統政見時，批評北約與「美國的戰爭」，並承諾透過經濟刺激帶動復甦。LE BOURGET, France, Nov 7 (Reuters) - Jean-Luc Melenchon criticised NATO and "American wars" while pledging an economic stimulus-led revival on Saturday as he unveiled his 2027 presidential programme at a rally in the northern Paris suburb of Le Bourget.

梅蘭雄提出其經濟政見時表示，他所屬的反資本主義政黨「不屈法國」（LFI）將採取與總統艾曼紐・馬克宏完全相反的做法。Setting out his economic programme, Melenchon said his anti-capitalist France Unbowed (LFI) party would do the opposite to President Emmanuel Macron.

根據競選總幹事曼努埃爾・邦帕爾的說法，他向約1萬7000名支持者表示：「我們將採取完全相反的做法，也就是說，推行刺激政策。」"We are going to do exactly the opposite — that is to say, a policy of stimulus," he told some 17,000 supporters, according to campaign director Manuel Bompard.

「首先是透過消費支出，因為在我們國家，消費支出占經濟活動超過一半。其次，是透過已經存在的數十億歐元。那是必須引導至我國生態與社會需求的儲蓄。」"First, through consumer spending, because in our country that accounts for more than half of economic activity. And secondly, through billions (of euros) that already exist. They are savings that must be channelled towards our country's ecological and social needs."

75歲的梅蘭雄被視為左翼陣營最有力的競爭者；近期民調顯示，他將在明年4月的總統決選中對上極右翼的瑪琳・雷朋。但民調也顯示，他會在第二輪投票中落敗。Melenchon, 75, is viewed as the strongest contender on the left, and recent opinion polls have shown him reaching the presidential runoff next April against Marine Le Pen of the far right. But they also indicate he would lose in the second round.

他的政見宣言名為「L'Avenir en commun」（「共同未來」），是不屈法國政綱的第五版，大致重申了支撐梅蘭雄先前總統競選的政策。His manifesto, titled "L'Avenir en commun" ("A Shared Future"), is the fifth edition of LFI's programme and largely reaffirms policies that have underpinned Melenchon's previous presidential bids.

該政綱的主要承諾之一，是廢除馬克宏的退休金改革。這項改革為了支撐公共財政，逐步將法國最低退休年齡從62歲提高到64歲。不屈法國表示，將讓已繳納制度費用40年的人恢復60歲退休。Among the programme's flagship pledges is to repeal Macron's pension overhaul, which gradually raised France's minimum retirement age from 62 to 64 in an effort to shore up public finances. LFI says it would restore retirement at 60 for people who have contributed to the system for 40 years.

梅蘭雄表示，對生活成本危機的立即回應，應包括「凍結物價、提高最低工資、讓薪資隨通膨連動」等措施。Melenchon said an immediate response to the cost-of-living crisis should include measures to "freeze prices, raise the minimum wage, index wages to inflation."

不屈法國的政綱主張，將每月最低淨工資從約1480歐元提高至1700歐元（1890美元）、廢除資本所得單一稅率、提高最富有家庭的稅負，並對基本食品價格設定上限。LFI's programme calls for increasing the net monthly minimum wage to €1,700 ($1,890) from around €1,480, abolishing the flat tax on capital income, raising taxes on the wealthiest households and capping prices for essential foods.

在外交政策方面，梅蘭雄的政綱重申他長期以來對北約的批評，並主張法國逐步退出該聯盟，第一步是退出其整合軍事指揮體系。On foreign policy, Melenchon's programme reiterates his long-standing criticism of NATO and calls for France's gradual withdrawal from the alliance, beginning with an exit from its integrated military command.

梅蘭雄說：「我們沒有理由待在北約，也沒有理由參與美國的戰爭。法國必須建立一個不結盟國家的全球陣線。」"We have no business being in NATO, nor in American wars," Melenchon said. "France must build a global front of non-aligned countries."

梅蘭雄的政綱也重申，他支持逐步淘汰核能，轉向完全以再生能源供電的電力系統，包括取消國家支持的新一代核反應爐規劃中EPR2計畫，並且不將核電廠壽命延長至超過60年。Melenchon's programme also reiterates his support for a gradual phase-out of nuclear power in favour of a fully renewable electricity system, including scrapping the planned EPR2 programme of the planned new generation of state-backed nuclear reactors and not extending the lifespan of nuclear plants beyond 60 years.

政綱也批評德國對歐盟經濟政策的影響，形容柏林是歐洲「秩序自由主義」的主要捍衛者；這是一套以嚴格預算規則、物價穩定與獨立貨幣政策為核心的經濟哲學。It also criticises German influence on EU economic policy, describing Berlin as Europe's chief defender of "ordoliberalism", an economic philosophy centred on strict budget rules, price stability and independent monetary policy.

（1美元＝0.8974歐元）($1 = 0.8974 euros)

（佩特拉・維許戈爾採訪報導；馬蒂厄・羅斯曼撰稿；亞歷山大・史密斯與休・勞森編輯）(Reporting by Petra Wischgoll; Writing by Mathieu Rosemain; Editing by Alexander Smith and Hugh Lawson)