川普高規格歡迎中國國家主席習近平，但未見突破

Trevor Hunnicutt、David Brunnstrom 報導By Trevor Hunnicutt and David Brunnstrom

華府9月24日（路透）——美國總統川普週四在白宮迎接中國國家主席習近平，舉行一場鋪張的峰會。這場會晤象徵意義濃厚，實質成果有限，在人工智慧、貿易、台灣以及與伊朗的戰爭等棘手議題上，都未見突破跡象。WASHINGTON, Sept 24 (Reuters) - US President Donald Trump welcomed Chinese President Xi Jinping to the White House on Thursday for a lavish summit that was heavy on symbolism but light on substance, with no sign of breakthroughs on thorny issues such as AI, trade, Taiwan and the war with Iran.

兩位領袖及夫人出席國宴；這場晚宴為黑領結正式場合，菜色包括裹上芝麻外皮的鱸魚，賓客名單上有多位科技業執行長。大門外，一群高聲抗議者喊著「中國退出香港」等口號，兩位領袖在鋪上紅毯的白宮台階上合影時，清楚聽得見這些聲音。The two leaders and their wives attended a state dinner, a black-tie affair of sesame-crusted sea bass and a guest list heavy with tech CEOs. Outside the gate, a group of loud protesters shouted slogans like "China out of Hong Kong" that were clearly audible to the leaders as they posed for pictures on the red-carpeted White House steps.

川普在晚宴祝酒時表示，他與習近平「都明白我們代表不同的體制，但兩國人民之間的連結歷久不衰，而我們的關係從未如此融洽」。In his dinner toast, Trump said he and Xi "both understand we represent different systems but the ties between our people endure and we’ve never gotten along better."

川普接著邀請晚宴賓客參觀他正在附近興建的新宴會廳工地。數小時前，他才帶習近平參觀自己在白宮園區內興建的直升機停機坪。對這位高度重視改造華府實體基礎設施的總統而言，談起建案是常見的話題岔支。Trump then invited dinner guests to tour the site of the new ballroom he is building nearby, hours after showing Xi a helipad he had had built in the White House complex. Construction projects are a frequent digression for a president who has put a lot of focus on remaking Washington's physical infrastructure.

習近平表示，他與川普進行了深入討論，並達成「許多共識」，為「中美關係」提供「新的戰略指引」。他未進一步說明。Xi said he and Trump had in-depth discussions and reached "common understanding on many issues" that provided "new strategic guidance for China-US relations." He did not elaborate.

他說：「中國和美國必須做負責任的大國。」他並呼籲建立「大國相處的新方式」。"China and the United States must act as responsible major countries," he said, calling for "a new approach for major countries to get along with each other."

這場會晤的舉行地點格外引人注目——在華府登場，而當時有數十位世界領袖正在紐約出席聯合國大會。The meeting was striking for where it took place – in Washington, even as scores of world leaders were in New York for the United Nations General Assembly.

這場會晤舉行之際，外界對人工智慧快速發展的憂慮日益升高；同時，川普正努力解決其政府與以色列同伊朗開啟的戰爭。這場戰爭已大幅推高能源價格，並在11月期中選舉逼近之際，嚴重拖累他的民意支持度。It took place at a time of rising public concern about the swift growth of AI, and as Trump struggles to resolve a war his administration and Israel began with Iran, which has sharply driven up energy prices and weighed heavily on his public approval as November midterm elections approach.

台灣議題會談TAIWAN TALKS

根據中國官方通訊社發布的會談紀要，習近平在下午的雙邊會談中敦促美國反對「台灣獨立」，觸及中美之間最棘手的議題之一。白宮尚未提供自己的會談摘要。During a bilateral discussion in the afternoon, Xi urged the US to oppose "Taiwan independence," according to a readout from the official Chinese news agency – addressing one of the thorniest issues between the two countries. The White House has not yet provided its own summary of the talks.

外界原先預期，習近平本週將向川普施壓，要求停止對台軍售。川普5月訪問中國後表示，他暫緩一項價值約140億美元的對台軍售案，並稱這是「非常好的談判籌碼」。Xi had been expected to press Trump this week to halt arms sales to Taiwan. Following his visit to China in May, Trump said he was holding in abeyance an arms package to Taiwan worth some $14 billion and called it a "very good negotiating chip."

此舉讓美國在亞洲的一些盟友，甚至川普所屬共和黨內部分人士都感到憂心，擔心他可能會為換取經濟成果而削弱華府對台北的支持。中國主張民主治理的台灣是其領土的一部分，且不排除動武控制台灣。That move left some US allies in Asia and even some of Trump's fellow Republicans concerned that he may be tempted to soften Washington's support for Taipei in exchange for economic wins. China claims democratically governed Taiwan as its own territory and has not ruled out using force to gain control over the island.

兩位領袖舉行峰會前不久，川普本週稍早才在聯合國演說中強力捍衛自己動用軍事力量的做法，暗示他可以「殲滅」伊朗。他週四面對習近平時語氣明顯不同，反映出在一場以美國在關稅上退讓告終的貿易戰後，權力平衡已轉向中國領導人。The summit between the two leaders came shortly after Trump forcefully defended his use of military power in a speech at the UN earlier this week, suggesting he could "annihilate" Iran. He took a strikingly different tone with Xi on Thursday, reflecting a power balance that has shifted toward the Chinese leader after a trade war that ended with a US climbdown on tariffs.

川普週四在習近平抵達後發表談話時，強調自己與習近平「真正偉大的友誼」，而非聚焦政策分歧；他並表示，自他5月訪中以來，兩大強權在貿易上已有進展。In remarks after Xi's arrival on Thursday, Trump emphasized his "truly great friendship" with Xi, rather than focusing on policy differences, and said the two powers had made strides on trade since his trip to China in May.

習近平的說法則略帶針對性。他表示，兩國利益深度交融，雙方之間的競爭應是「健康的」。他說，美國企業在中國受到歡迎，並補充說，他希望「中國企業在美國這裡獲得公平對待」。Somewhat more pointely, Xi said the two countries' interests were deeply intertwined and that competition between them should be a "healthy one." US companies were welcome in China, he said, adding that he hopes "Chinese companies are treated fairly here in the United States."

習近平也表示，兩國軍方應維持定期對話，以改善危機預防。Xi also said both militaries should maintain regular dialogue to improve crisis prevention.

個人關係與國家關係PERSONAL VS. NATIONAL

曾任白宮東亞事務高級官員的艾德加・卡根（Edgard Kagan）表示，雙方言辭上的對比顯示兩位領袖各自採取不同策略。Edgard Kagan, a former senior White House official for East Asia, said the contrasting rhetoric demonstrates the different strategy of each leader.

現任戰略暨國際研究中心（Center for Strategic and International Studies）人員的卡根說：「總統非常明顯地把這件事塑造成他與習近平的個人關係。」「我覺得有意思的是，習近平謹慎得多，並暗示這比較不是個人關係，而是國家關係。」"The president is casting it very much as about his personal relationship with Xi," said Kagan, now with the Center for Strategic and International Studies. "What I found interesting was Xi is being much more cautious and suggesting that it's less about the personal relationship than the national relationship."

這場峰會是習近平十多年來首度訪問華府，也是全球兩大經濟體領導人今年第二次會面。The summit, Xi's first visit to Washington in more than a decade, is the second meeting this year between the leaders of the world's two biggest economies.

對喜愛儀式、重視與強勢領袖關係的川普而言，這次訪問既是高風險外交的機會，也關乎國家聲望。For Trump, who relishes ceremony and prizes his ties with powerful leaders, the visit is as much a matter of national prestige as an opportunity for high-stakes diplomacy.

但川普與習近平的發言並未由任何美國電視網現場轉播；各電視網拒絕提供畫面，以抗議白宮禁止 CNN、MS Now 和 Politico 採訪。But Trump and Xi's remarks were not carried live by any US television networks, which refused to provide footage in protest of the White House's ban of CNN, MS Now and Politico.

習近平週四發言時表示，兩國必須「確保人工智慧的發展始終在人類控制之下」。During his comments on Thursday, Xi said both countries must "ensure that the development of AI is always under human control."

分析人士表示，兩大強權在人工智慧領域的激烈競爭，可能會限制雙方達成象徵性協議以外成果的空間。Analysts say intense competition between the two powers in AI is likely to limit the scope for anything beyond symbolic agreements.

北京幾乎沒有跡象顯示願意對伊朗施壓，迫使其屈從美國要求。新華社報導，在週四會晤期間，習近平表示支持美國與伊朗恢復停火，並最終談判達成和平協議。There has been little sign Beijing is willing to exert pressure on Iran to yield to US demands. During Thursday's meeting, Xi expressed support for the US and Iran to return to a ceasefire and eventually negotiate a peace deal, Xinhua reported.

週四國宴的賓客名單包括蘋果（Apple）執行長庫克（Tim Cook）、亞馬遜（Amazon）貝佐斯（Jeff Bezos）、Alphabet 的皮查伊（Sundar Pichai）、OpenAI 的奧特曼（Sam Altman）、特斯拉（Tesla）的馬斯克（Elon Musk）以及輝達（Nvidia）的黃仁勳（Jensen Huang）等執行長。儘管陣容如此堅強，熟悉美方計畫的人士表示，川普可能仍會維持嚴格的美國科技出口管制，而習近平希望這些管制放寬。The guest list for Thursday's state dinner includeD CEOs like Apple's Tim Cook, Amazon's Jeff Bezos, Alphabet's Sundar Pichai, OpenAI's Sam Altman, Tesla's Elon Musk and Nvidia's Jensen Huang. Despite such an array, people familiar with US plans say Trump is likely to maintain firm export controls on US tech Xi wants loosened.

（David Brunnstrom、Andrea Shalal、David Lawder、Trevor Hunnicutt 華府報導；Ben Blanchard、李一謀台北報導；Joe Cash 北京報導；Joseph Ax、Steve Holland 撰稿；Don Durfee、Colleen Jenkins、Louise Heavens、Alistair Bell、Stephen Coates 編輯）(Reporting by David Brunnstrom, Andrea Shalal, David Lawder and Trevor Hunnicutt in Washington, Ben Blanchard and Yimou Lee in Taipei, and Joe Cash in Beijing; Writing by Joseph Ax and Steve Holland; Editing by Don Durfee, Colleen Jenkins, Louise Heavens, Alistair Bell and Stephen Coates)