衣索比亞聖城拉利貝拉航班停飛，戰事擴大

9月24日（路透社）——7名消息人士表示，由於附近爆發戰鬥，飛往衣索比亞歷史名城拉利貝拉（Lalibela）的航班週四停飛。與此同時，北部提格雷（Tigray）地區居民開始囤積食物與現金，擔心戰火重燃可能引發另一場大規模戰爭。Sept 24 (Reuters) - Flights to the historic Ethiopian town of Lalibela were suspended on Thursday due to fighting nearby, seven sources said, as residents in the Tigray region to the north stocked up on food and cash, fearing that renewed fighting could trigger another major war.

提格雷部隊本週奪下3座地方機場，並與當地盟友在阿法爾（Afar）與阿姆哈拉（Amhara）州發動攻擊，這是自2020年至2022年對抗衣索比亞政府軍的毀滅性戰爭以來，最嚴重的一次升級。Tigrayan forces seized three local airports and launched attacks in Afar and Amhara regions with allies there this week, in the most serious escalation since a devastating 2020-22 war against Ethiopian government troops.

衣索比亞軍方週四首次公開評論這場戰鬥時表示，軍方已挫敗攻擊，並擊斃、擊傷或俘虜逾500名敵方戰士。In its first public comments on the fighting, Ethiopia's army said on Thursday that it had foiled the attacks and killed, wounded or captured more than 500 enemy fighters.

聯合國與歐洲聯盟呼籲各方克制，並重返由非洲聯盟（African Union）斡旋的和平進程；該進程先前結束了一場造成數十萬人死亡的衝突。The United Nations and the European Union called for restraint and a return to the African Union-brokered peace process that had ended a conflict that killed hundreds of thousands of people.

阿迪斯阿貝巴指控該地區執政者提格雷人民解放陣線（Tigray People's Liberation Front，TPLF）發動大規模攻勢。TPLF領導人則表示，他們進入一場「防衛性」戰爭，是為了反制聯邦政府的侵略；他們稱，聯邦政府已動用無人機、火砲與地面部隊對付他們。Addis Ababa has accused the region's rulers, the Tigray People's Liberation Front, of launching a major offensive. TPLF leaders said they had entered a "defensive" war to counter aggression by the federal government, which they said had used drones, artillery and ground forces against them.

提格雷若再度爆發戰爭，可能進一步動搖非洲之角地區穩定。該地區已因衣索比亞與厄利垂亞關係惡化、蘇丹內戰、紅海出海口爭端，以及中東衝突外溢而動盪不安。Renewed war in Tigray could further destabilise the Horn of Africa region already unsettled by deteriorating ties between Ethiopia and Eritrea, Sudan's civil war, frictions over Red Sea access, and spillover from Middle East conflicts.

4名外交官、2名當地居民，以及一名與TPLF和其盟友法諾民兵（Fano militia）有關的消息人士表示，隨著戰鬥加劇，飛往拉利貝拉的航班週四停飛。拉利貝拉位於阿姆哈拉州，是聯合國教科文組織列名地點，以中世紀岩鑿教堂聞名，並位於通往衣索比亞北部的要道上。Flights to Lalibela, a UNESCO-listed site in Amhara that is known for its medieval rock-hewn churches and sits on key routes into northern Ethiopia, were suspended on Thursday as fighting intensified, four diplomats, two local residents and a source linked to the TPLF and the allied Fano militia said.

一名外交消息人士引述當地聯絡人說：「城鎮周邊有戰鬥，但尚未進入鎮內。」一名居民稍早表示，當地民眾正急著提領現金。"There is fighting around the town but not inside it yet," a diplomatic source said, citing local contacts. A resident said earlier that people there were rushing to withdraw cash.

一名居民表示，在提格雷首府默克萊（Mekelle），提格雷部隊在街上巡邏，無人機在上空嗡嗡作響；他並說，民眾正在囤積食物並提領現金。In Tigray's capital Mekelle, Tigrayan forces patrolled the streets and drones buzzed overhead, a resident said, adding that people were hoarding food and withdrawing cash.

這名因安全考量要求匿名的人士說，居民擔心可能面臨與上次戰爭期間類似的圍困狀態。The person, who asked not to be named for security reasons, said residents feared they could face siege conditions similar to during the previous war.

另一座靠近厄利垂亞邊境的城鎮阿迪格拉特（Adigrat）一名居民描述，當地出現恐慌性採購，商店貨架被清空。他告訴路透社：「由於市場貨架空空如也，糧食短缺正在惡化……基本藥品仍然稀缺，而且價格高得驚人。」A resident of Adigrat, another town close to the Eritrean border, described panic-buying and emptying shops. "Food shortages are worsening as market shelves sit empty … essential medicines remain scarce and astronomically expensive," he told Reuters.

他說：「每天要活下去，都成了一道不斷盤算的難題。」"Daily survival has become a constant calculation."

兩名居民都表示，他們目睹年輕人被迫加入戰事，令更廣泛的民眾感到恐懼。阿迪格拉特居民在談到TPLF徵兵時說：「我知道有一名18歲男孩，他的父親在上一場戰爭中喪生，而他們強行把他帶走。」Both residents said they had witnessed young people being forced to join the war effort, sparking fear among the wider population. "I know an 18-year-old boy who lost his father in the last war and they took him by force," the Adigrat resident said, referring to TPLF recruitment.

TPLF先前否認進行強制徵兵。The TPLF has previously denied conducting forced recruitment.

「需要降溫」'DE-ESCALATION NEEDED'

在2020年至2022年的戰爭中，通訊遭切斷，使提格雷在很大程度上與外界隔絕；糧食、現金與藥品取得也受到嚴重限制，導致數十萬人陷入近似飢荒的處境。In the 2020-22 war, Tigray was largely cut off from the outside world as communications were severed, and access to food, cash and medicines was severely restricted, pushing hundreds of thousands of people into famine-like conditions.

TPLF表示，其行動是出於自衛，旨在保護提格雷人民免受政府對他們發動的「全面侵略」；該侵略動用了地面部隊，並有戰機、無人機與火砲支援。The TPLF has said it acted in self defence to protect the people of Tigray from a "full-scale aggression" against them by the government using ground troops backed by warplanes, drones and artillery.

一名政府官員告訴路透社，TPLF對民用基礎設施發動了預謀攻擊，但他強調，對於任何放下武器的團體，對話大門仍然敞開。A government official told Reuters that the TPLF had carried out a premeditated assault on civilian infrastructure but stressed that the door to dialogue remained open for any groups that laid down their arms.

衣索比亞東北司令部指揮官阿瑟法・切科爾中將（Lieutenant General Assefa Chekol）表示，TPLF攻勢已被擊退，272名攻擊者被擊斃，另有260人受傷。路透社無法核實這些數字，TPLF發言人也未回應採訪請求。Lieutenant General Assefa Chekol, commander of Ethiopia's North East Command, said the TPLF offensive had been repelled, with 272 attackers killed and a further 260 wounded. Reuters was unable to verify the figures and a TPLF spokesperson did not respond to a request for comment.

上一場戰爭結束後，TPLF內部出現分裂；該黨一個強硬派系去年重新掌控該地區，並逐出臨時行政當局。此後，衣索比亞軍方已在提格雷發動一連串無人機攻擊。After the last war, splits emerged within the TPLF, and a hardline faction of the party last year reasserted control over the region, kicking out an interim administration. Ethiopia's military has since carried out a series of drone strikes in Tigray.

最近，TPLF與衣索比亞各地另外6個武裝團體結盟，其中包括先前在戰爭中的敵人，目標是推翻總理阿比・艾哈邁德（Abiy Ahmed）。政府指控厄利垂亞在財務上支持該聯盟成員，但阿斯馬拉否認這些指控。Most recently, the TPLF formed an alliance with six other armed groups from across Ethiopia, including its former enemies from the war, aimed at overthrowing Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. The government has accused Eritrea of financially backing members of the alliance, allegations Asmara has denied.

歐盟在聲明中提及雙方軍事行動，表示：「需要立即降溫。分歧只能透過對話解決，而非軍事行動。」"Immediate de-escalation is needed," the EU said in a statement, noting both sides' military actions. "Differences can only be resolved through dialogue and not military action."

（阿穆・坎南皮利報導；大衛・路易斯撰稿；安德魯・考索恩與亞歷克斯・理查森編輯）(Reporting by Ammu Kannampilly; Writing by David Lewis; Editing by Andrew Cawthorne and Alex Richardson)